Category: x Archive Assignments

Causal Argument – ChandlerBing

Frequent testing impedes on students’ ability to learn new information and apply it correctly in their lives. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, rules that schools are accountable for performance of the students. Moreover, harsh sanctions are put in place for those school districts that do not meet the “adequate yearly progress,” or AYP. The act also requires schools to administer standardized tests and report the results to the state. Subjects such as math, reading and writing are commonly found on these assessments, causing school districts to stray away from other important subjects i.e. social studies, foreign language and the arts. The standardized test movement has changed the very nature of education and learning by forcing educators to focus on test-taking skills rather than important concepts. These assessments do not further contribute to educational growth because they questions are generalized, they instill fear of failure in students, and they do not allow for teachers to update their pedagogical methods.

The original intent for high-stakes testing was to sort the massive inflow of students at the turn of the century. Slowly, they became a way to evaluate schools and their efficiency. States can determine whether a school is fulfilling the responsibility of effective teaching or not by the results of the tests. It makes sense for there to be a way to evaluate if a school is up to state standard, but there needs to be a surefire way to measure student improvement. Standardized assessments are created from an outside source other than the school that is administering them. Many educators and experts work tirelessly to develop these assessments, but what they do not understand is that each student has their own method of learning. Developers of standardized tests are not in the classroom with these students daily. So how can they cater to these individuals? They cannot. Teachers interact with students every single day, and they know and understand what works best for their students.

Since the tests are standardized, all students in the state must take the same assessment. This leads the questions to be general in nature. The questions do not evaluate the skills of the students simply because the questions are vague. When developing these tests, an important factor is not considered; each student learns at a different pace. For English language learners, it becomes difficult to take these tests that are in English. Another critique on standardized testing, emphasizes the belief that tests are procured for the sole purpose of holding schools and teachers accountable for their student’s performance. Teachers abandon their original curriculum to prepare for the high-stake test. This causes teachers to become test-taking instructors instead of meaningful mentors. Test-writers have even admitted that they write questions they know students are unable to answer. This is to create a wide score spread, which makes the test more desirable for a school to purchase and administer. With this mentality, the test scores do not accurately reflect the main curriculum. The main goal should be to expose the minds of the youth to new ideas and provide deep explanations of the world around them. If making money from a test is the goal, it must not even be considered; although it is considered.

Testing becomes the focus in a classroom. Teachers spend countless hours obsessing over the content of the tests. Any student will admit, their teacher has told them for multiple choice questions, “there are four choices that all may seem to be the right answer, but only one is the true answer.” “Don’t be too creative. Don’t think too hard. Only give them what they want. Pace yourself.” These phrases are becoming too frequent and they hinder the creativity and critical thinking necessary for effective learning. Creative children are stumped when they see the questions on the assessments. It teaches them that there is only one viable answer and there is no room for creativity. Standardized tests look at the final step rather than the learning journey. A more effective way to measure student learning would be to measure their improvement through classroom assignments. The instructor can create projects to highlight creativity and free thinking. The stress of standardized testing falls upon the student as they fear they will not pass. No one should take a high-stakes test in an anxious state. These tests are administered to thousands of students. It is unlikely that every single student can be present on test day. There are actual instructions on what to do if a student throws up on a test. Under these circumstances, it is counterintuitive to believe that a child can demonstrate their full capabilities of what they have learned. A student in South Carolina responded to standardized tests by saying, “All they care about is the test; they don’t care if we learn anything.” Learning success should be valued more than success on tests.

A handful of students do not show much concern for the tests and do not fully understand the consequences. Students fill out the bubbles on the exam sheet so that they form a picture, thus getting the answers marked incorrect. These students are then placed in a low-level class for the following years of their educational career. Apparently, results from a single exam are enough evidence to show the full capabilities of students, even when they lack care for the assessments.

High-stakes testing is not causing students to excel in their learning. Standardized tests hold schools and teachers accountable for their students. Rewards and punishments are given based on test results. Politics and money are too much involved in education. Students need to be taught in a way where they want to engage in school activities. When they show interest in a subject, students will excel. Weeks of test preparation distract teachers from teaching other non-tested subjects. Learning is a complicated process where the person uses their past experiences to make inferences of the world surrounding them. Standardized testing lacks creativity; a new way must be implemented to promote critical thinking in today’s students.

 

Works Cited

10 Big Advantages and Disadvantages of Standardized Testing. Conncectusfund.org. Connect US Fund. Accessed 28 Nov. 2017.

Brooks, Martin. Brooks, Jacqueline. “The Courage to Be Constructivist.” The Constructivist Classroom. vol. 57, no. 3, 1999, pp. 18-24. Accessed 28 Nov. 2017.

Herman, Joan L., and Shari Golan. “Effects of Standardized Testing on Teachers and Learning–Another Look.” (1990)

Simmons, Nicola. “(De)grading the Standardized Test: Can Standardized Testing Evaluate Schools?” Education Canada. vol. 44, no. 3, 2004. Accessed 29 Nov. 2017.

 

Bibliography – theintern

1.  That’s exactly what happened to Wells Fargo customers nationwide. “5,300 Wells Fargo Employees Fired over 2 Million Phony Accounts.” CNNMoney, Cable News Network.

Background: This article discusses the millions of phony accounts that Wells Fargo employees made. Each employee at Wells Fargo are required to meet a certain amount of new accounts being opened. So each of them took customer’s information and opened up multiple accounts under the customer’s name without telling them. Wells Fargo soon found out what the employees were secretly doing and fired around 5,300 people. These employees showed their true unethical behavior.

How I used it: How I used this article in my essay was to make sure the audience knows that working for a company and trying to meet certain standards changes a human being and their ethics. These employees had to choose the route of unethical behavior to meet their margin in order to keep their jobs.

2. Kauflin, Jeff. “The World’s Most Ethical Companies 2017.” Forbes, Forbes Magazine, 14 Mar. 2017.

Background: This article contains a list of companies who have been the most ethical companies of 2017. Now the companies that aren’t on this list are not most ethical probably because of something that may have happened in the past or is happening now.

How I used it: How I used this article was to demonstrate how smaller companies are more ethical than bigger companies because of the less customers they have to satisfy and the less employees that must be paid. While bigger companies tell us that they are ethical but in reality they mostly aren’t.

3. “The Rise and Fall of Enron.” Journal of Accountancy, 1 Apr. 2002,

Background: This article summarizes the rise and fall of Enron, a once so successful energy company that rose to the top so quickly in just a couple of months. Enron was a great company but the CEOs were very greedy with the profits that they wanted to have more. So as Enron kept on rising they skyrocketed at one point because of the fraud the CEOs decided to commit, they lied on their books.

How I used it: How I used this article was to explain another situation of how big companies always have unethical problems that they want to keep hidden. Enron was a great example to explain because it really changed everyone working for that company the minute you walked in.

4. Tribune, Chicago. “Ties to Enron Blinded Andersen.” Chicagotribune.com, 12 July 2008.

Background: This article summarizes the effect Enron had on Andersen; Andersen was one of the big five accounting firms until Enron became one of their customers. Enron asked Andersen to lie on the books about how their company were making profits but in reality they were losing. Soon when the SEC found out that Enron committed fraud it also came into ties with Andersen and how they didn’t announce what Enron was doing.

How I used it: How I used this article was to explain how easy it is for one big company to influence other companies. I made an example from Enron and how the company encouraged Andersen to behave unethically with having money thrown at them. Greed, money, moral ethics and business ethics all come into play its the survival of the strongest and who is willing to disobey the rules.

5. Investopedia. “5 Most Publicized Ethics Violations By CEOs.” Forbes, Forbes Magazine, 5 Feb. 2013.

Background: This article contains a list of CEOs who publicized ethic violations. For each CEO named there is a summary of what harm they caused to their company. The CEOs are come Enron, Yahoo, Tyco, Worldcom, and Hollinger International.

How I used it: How I used this article’s information was to elaborate and have more evidence about Enron and how the unethical behavior wasn’t the fault of the employees. The person who usually enforces ethic behavior rules must stand by them but not Kenneth Lay the CEO of Enron who personally wasn’t ethical which means the whole company had not been either. “CEOs have always been expected by shareholders and investors to maintain high ethical standards. Although it doesn’t always happen, today’s regulatory environment makes it easier to identify transgressions and bring violators to justice.”

6. Arlow, Peter. “Personal Characteristics in College Students’ Evaluations of Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility.” Journal of Business Ethics 10.1 (1991): 63. ProQuest.

Background: This journal discussed how the age, years of experience, and sex goes hand in hand to determine whether someone will commit unethical behaviors. Arlow took many surveys with older people, college students, males/females to measure the correlation between who is more likely to be unethical when in a difficult situation. In the end he figured out that students’ ethical attitudes are influenced more by exposure to the larger socio-cultural norms.

How I used it: How I used this journal was by evaluating the age of employees who worked specifically at Enron. I noticed that older employees were more likely to be unethical in order to keep their jobs because they are families to take care of rather than younger people.

7. Ackman, Dan. “Enron The Incredible.” Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 06 June 2013.

Background: This article is similar to some other ones but has a bit more information of how Enron made their profits in just a short span of time. This article compares the amounts of hours between other companies in the 2000s and Enron and the ratio of hours to revenue don’t quite just add up.

How I used it: How I used this article was to explain the certain years Enron started to skyrocket in profits and how before hand they were following the rules. I made sure to explain how that Enron’s numbers couldn’t have been so high in revenue within 3 years and with a small amount of employees it is figuratively impossible.

8. “How Corporate Social Responsibility Pays Off.” Long Range Planning, Pergamon, 26 Feb. 1999.

Background: This database explains what CSR is a how it pays off to have enforced in a company. CSR was announced in the mid 70s but was never really looked upon because every business company were doing fine without it.

How I used it: How I used this database was to discuss how Enron had corporate values and responsibilities but they never really enforced it like they should have.

9. Tribune, Chicago. “The Fall of Andersen.” Chicagotribune.com, 12 July 2008.

Background: This article focuses on the fall of Andersen a big time accounting firm that was part of the big five. Well once known as the big five now it’s just the big four. Andersen had great clients but because of one mistake they fell and lost all of their clients because none of them wanted to be bothered getting investigated after what happened to Enron. Enron brought Andersen down because they asked and paid much money to Andersen to help them cover and falsely write on their books.

How I used it: How I used this information was by explaining the methods of how Andersen dealt with Enron. I intend to expose Andersen and how they could’ve used common sense and not get mixed up in this mess. Andersen could of followed their normal ethics by doing the right thing of just letting Enron go and slip away from their fingers or could have told the SEC what they were doing.

10. Berenson, Alex. “S.E.C. Opens Investigation Into Enron.” The New York Times. The New York Times, 31 Oct. 2001.

Background: This article discusses about the SEC and what they are capable of doing. S.E.C. stands for Securities and Exchange Commissions which stand for what is right and what is wrong. The SEC follow the corporate rules just as moral ethics. In Enron’s case, the SEC were not keeping a close eye on Enron until word was busy through Wall Street about Enron skyrocketing in the stock market as well as Forbes magazines as being the best place to work. That is where the SEC just opened an Investigation on Enron and wanted to know how they were making so much revenue in small span of time, Enron tried to tell them their profits were real but once the SEC got a hold of Andersen and the books; Enron as everyone knew was ruined.

How I used it: How I used this article was to explain how the SEC works and what they are allowed to do through an open investigation. I also plan to say that companies that say they are ethical like Enron are never truly ethical. Since the Enron incident I intend to say that the SEC has been more strict upon businesses and because of Enron there is the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

11. “Ethics vs Morals.” Ethics vs Morals – Difference and Comparison 

Background: This article describes the differences between business ethics and morals. It explains the definition, where do they come from, why, origins and etc. Knowing the differences helps identify what each company follows by.

How I used it: How I used this article was by understanding the concept of the two and make sure to keep reminding myself the difference. I intend to implement them into my writing and talk about different companies and how they have gone through unethical phases and how that hasn’t done any justice for them. While those who have been ethical like on that list are active, I also plan to write about how sticking with our morals from birth will help us become successful. If we intend to do the opposite of what we were taught because of business standards then we shall know what happens to those who fall in that trap. Being unethical ruins environments and causes more strict rules that other businesses do not deserve to get penalized.

12. Investopedia. “Enron Scandal: The Fall of a Wall Street Darling.” Investopedia, 23 Oct. 2017.

Background: This article elaborates more about what happened in each year. Enron started back in 1985 and was rising slowly up without and frauds or lies. Though it says once management changed within Enron everything changed and profits were skyrocketing but the SEC got suspicious that within 3 years Enron went bankrupt and was the fall of wall street.

How I used it: How I used this article was by elaborating the skyrocket of Enron and the cause of downfall. Within the article there is a timeline where it states that in 1998 Andrew Fastow was promoted to CFO. I used this information to connect the pieces of when the business was going to fail because when Fastow became the new CFO he hid there debts by falsely cooking the books with Andersen and since Enron was in the stock market they wanted their shares to keep rising so they “increased” revenue to have people buy more shares and increase profits that would then be put in the CFO, and CEOs wallets.

13. PBS. Public Broadcasting Service,Web. 02.

Background: This article is a timeline of all the years of Enron and what happen in almost every month of each year. The timeline gives detailed information about the stock market, the revenue of the business, the CEOs who fined and charged for the fraud offense.

How I used it: How I used this article was by backing up any sort of explanation with each time year and what happen to Enron and the amount of stock it went up or when they changed CEOs or even the time they wanted Arthur Andersen to be their auditing team to help them increase their profits.

14. Jenkins, Heledd. “Small Business Champions for Corporate Social Responsibility.“SpringerLink. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 02 Sept. 2006. Web. 03

Background: This journal contains information and statistical data from the UK proclaiming that small to medium businesses perform best and follow the ethics they have as rules

How I used it: How I used this journal was by confirming about how business have less of a lack of ethics like big businesses do. I will use think link for my rebuttal and say give examples that can go along with this journal I got off of google scholar.

Definition Rewrite -Jonhjelly

Technology is the helping hand in humanity. Without technology who knows where mankind would be today.Now in present time, the latest and newest technology is the microchip or other known as the RFID chip. This microchip/RFID chip is microscopic chip that can be embedded into our bodies for human monitoring . This can be in the eyes of a company to monitor our movements or actions. Another place where are most useful is to monitor   our medical emergencies and they can the new replacement for medical emergency bracelets. This new gadget can is worn daily and they is no everyday removal once the microchip is planted then if a person would life it removed than they will need to have it surgical removed.

The  benefits of the RFID/microchip implanted into humans is for monitoring  new/old  employee, its a form of tracking them making sure they aren’t wasting the companies time. This new device can track and monitor the person whom it is in. The employer can view what is employee is doing at anytime of the day and this can viewed as a employee productive. According to Saumya Sharma this device can “RFID Based Employee Monitoring System (EMS) would allow complete hands-free access control, monitoring the whereabouts of employee and record the attendance of the employee as well.”(Sharma 1).  This new devices can give a new incite of being a boss and knowing every move that there employees are doing. This will make the employers employees more productive because they know that they are being watched at all times of the day causing them to focus more on their duties at hand instead of slacking off more than they normally would. It will also take and keep track of employees attendance and keep track of who is late and who will be on time. This could be use as new way to keep their employees from getting raise and other incentives. This new system could create the perfect work environment. An the employees can also take advantages of this new device as well.With it they can they can access their  office door with easy or with a wave a hand they can pay for their lunch. One of the workers from Three Squared Market has nothing but good things to say for this device knowing that it is a constant monitoring there movements in and out of work. The employe of Three Squared Market Danna said “I don’t want to carry a wallet with me anymore. Actually, I forgot my wallet today. I didn’t even bring it to work. It’d be nice to be able to get some lunch. But you got your wallet, you got your key, your company badge. Now forget about all of that. That’s all in that implant in your hand,”. She also stated that they have been receiving calls from other companies wanting to start implanting there employees as well.

In the article written by  Healthcare IT they discussed the what if the medical bracelet would be replaced by the microchip. It would become the new medical bracelet and will only have access to medical emergency information only and not have access to all of our bank information, personal information as well. They have suggested that it would be safer if it only contained information about our medical information, this way our doctor can be the only person to reader our RFID chips with the RFID chip reader. According to the article written by Molly Merrill they said “The VeriChip is the only medical device that is guaranteed to always be with you to provide your identification and medical records information in an emergency situation.” This way it can still monitor our movements and keep track of our medical information.

The other benefits of the microchip is that can have access to all of our bank accounts and all of our personal information. With this new feature it will be easier to do all types of daily activities. Such as a person will be able to access their car without keys or they will be able pay for a item without having their wallet or any kind of currency on them. In  Barcelona there is a club that has been giving their customers a choices if they would like to receive the device or not. With the benefits of having this device they will be able to gain entree into the VIP section. Also they will be safer from any kind of danger that leaving the club after midnight offers. It is safer because it allow the clubbers to travel and have fun with out have money just in case they run into trouble. The  RFID that they would offer wouldn’t have access to their bank accounts. It would just rack up charges on the bar tab and they would just have to pay for them at the end the month like any other bill.

The RFID microchip is the latest and newest form of technology out there. It just gives human kind an extra hand and helps us out in our daily lives. It will soon become mandatory for everybody to the microchip implanted and when that occurs then everyone will soon rely on it for completing simple task. Technology is helping but can also be hurting  us in the end.

Work Cited

Images, A. (2017). Would you let your boss microchip you?. [online] Marketplace.org.Availableat:https://www.marketplace.org/2017/07/26/tech/sitting-down-three-square-market-microchips-its-employees [Accessed 28 Nov. 2017].

“Human-Implantable RFID chips: Some ethical and privacy concerns.” Healthcare IT News, 27 Dec. 2008, http://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/human-implantable-rfid-chips-some-ethical-and-privacy-concerns.

Pdfs.semanticscholar.org. (2017). Cite a Website – Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/43e6/ba8aff7d8337b4a7e0d4bbd788ac877d37c0.pdf [Accessed 28 Nov. 2017].

Annotated Bibliography- phillygirl

Source 1:  Committee on Early Childhood, Adoption and Dependent Care. “Developmental Issues for Young Children in Foster Care.” Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics, 1 Nov. 2000, pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/106/5/1145.

Background: This article discusses developmental issues that young children face in foster care. Developmental problems are one of the biggest issues in younger children. The article lists problems that these children suffer from. The main argument is how bad of an impact foster care leaves with younger children.

How I used it: I used this information to back up one of my main points; foster care does effect most children, especially younger children. This article gave me reliable evidence backing up my point that children suffer most from child care. This article gives me reasoning on how young children are entering foster care during the time brain growth is most active. I used this to support one of my arguments as well.

Source 2: Cross, Theodore P. “Why Do Children Experience Multiple Placement Changes in Foster Care? Content Analysis on Reasons for Instability.” Taylor & Francis, 14 Feb. 2013, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15548732.2013.751300. (https://cfrc.illinois.edu/pubs/jn_20130201_WhyDoChildrenExperienceMultiplePlacementChangesInFosterCareContentAnalysisOnReasonsForInstability.pdf)

Background: This article discusses why children experience multiple placement changes in foster care. The main point of this article is to provide reasons for instability.

How I used it: I used some of this information to show the different sides of instability that is caused by foster homes. Like children not achieving stability in their living situations because of the constant placements. This just supports the children who are placed into different foster homes consistently.

Source 3: Troutman, Beth. “The Effects of Foster Care Placement on Young Children’s Mental Health: Risks and Opportunities.”

Background: This article discusses the effects of foster care placement on young children’s mental health. It also talk about risks and opportunities. In the article they explain attachment disruptions among young children in foster care. The author also discuss the risks of unresponsive care within foster homes and children having trouble maintaining attachment relationships because of the abuse within foster care.

How I used this: I used this to support my main point that abuse within foster homes does causes problems within children. I used this evidence to show readers that my information is valid and reliable.

Source 4: Child Welfare Information Gateway. (2017). Foster care statistics 2015. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Children’s Bureau. https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubPDFs/foster.pdf.

Background: This article discusses foster care statistics. It provides estimates for children and youth from the current year. It is data showing the statistics of children in, entering, and exiting foster care. Mainly information about the children’s ages, length of stay, and placement after leaving care.

How I used this: I used this information to really support my research paper overall. Showing statistics and data as such, shows validity and reliability.

Source 5: “A Critical Look at Foster Care: How Widespread a Problem?” A Critical Look at Foster Care: How Widespread a Problem?, 1 Dec. 2005, http://www.liftingtheveil.org/foster04.htm.

Background: This article gives a critical look at the foster care system, and how widespread a problem. The article gives evidence of how some children experienced a pattern of physical, sexual, and emotional abuses. The article mainly discussed trial cases that has been reviewed.

How I used this: I used this information to show readers exactly what these children experience in foster care. This article provides readers the evidence that shows how these children suffer and how nothing is done about this issue.

Source 6: McFadden, Emily Jean|Ryan Patricia. “Abuse in Family Foster Homes: Characteristics of the Vulnerable Child.” ERIC – Education Resources Information Center, 31 July 1986, eric.ed.gov/?id=ED277460.

Background: This article talks about abuse in foster homes, specifically characteristics of the vulnerable child that experiences the abuse while in care. The article presents information from a study identifying characteristics of abused children. The article also discusses how child mistreatment within foster are causes children to have behavioral issues that strings along with many other issues as well.

How I used this: I used this information to support all of my main arguments because this article provides information for each of them. More specifically, behavioral issues and the problems that follow it.

Source 7: Hobbs, Georgina F. “Abuse of Children in Foster and Residential Care.” Child Abuse & Neglect, Pergamon, 29 Nov. 1999, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0145213499000964.

Background: This article discusses abuse of children in foster and residential care. The author examines the characteristics of physical and sexual abuse of children in foster and residential care. The author focuses on a city in England. The author provides abuse reports and the number of cases.

How I used it: I used this information to provide readers with an estimate of foster care abuse cases that goes on in just a city. I used the number of cases there were filed in this city, and used some of the reports to show readers exactly what these children experience and how these children suffer while being in foster care.

Source 8: Dozier, Mary. “Challenges to the Development of Attachment Relationships Faced by Young Children in Foster and Adoptive Care.” American Psychological Association, American Psychological Association, psycnet.apa.org/record/2008-13837-030.

Background: This article discuss challenges to the development of attachment relationships faced by young children in foster and adoptive care. The author talk about the different challenges children experience in foster homes. As well as, factors affecting how children cope with adversity, challenges for children forming attachment issues, and the effects of infants’ early experience.

How I used it: I used this information to help me with giving information about how younger children who experience abuse suffer from long term issues. Also, to provide information about foster children’s experience and the affects children face after foster care.

Source 9: Teo, Dawn. “The 10 Most Surprising Things About Foster Care.” The Huffington Post, TheHuffingtonPost.com, 15 Apr. 2015, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/dawn-teo/the-10-most-surprising-things-about-foster-care_b_7058474.html.

Background: This article briefly discusses the life of a foster child. The author talk about how most foster children are forced to leave everything and everyone behind them, how these children were abandoned, bad social workers, and more related topics.

How I used it: I used this source to educate myself on the good and the bad things foster children endure.

Source 10: Wexler, Richard. “Abuse in Foster Care: The Denial Runs Deep.” The Chronicle of Social Change, 5 Nov. 2017.

Background: This article discuss abuse in foster care and the denial that runs deep in foster children. In the article they discuss children who suffer from abuse while in foster care and children who do not experience any abuse. The article mainly focuses on a case where two foster children were starved to death by foster parents. Caseworkers ignored red flags and specific complaints about what was going on the house hold.

How I used it: I used this article to provide me with information to support my background information. I used specific information from this article to support some of my main points about how some children suffer in while in foster care and are ignored by social workers.

Annotated Bibliography – PlethoraGaming

1) On the scientific relevance of esports: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Michael_Wagner12/publication/220968200_On_the_Scientific_Relevance_of_eSports/links/00b4952589870231be000000.pdf

Background: The author tries to define esports to lead a proper investigation on the problems in esports. This article defines esports, gives us a brief history of esports and gives us the esports science. The esports science focuses on the development of teams of how they have to have high level of communication to be a high performing team. It also focuses on it as if they were a normal team to state that players need to practice to essentially hone their skills.

How to use it: This is used to show some of the basic needs to be a team, especially for varsity esports in college, how this determines skill gap between casual and competitive players.

 

2) Rise and rise of esports: http://eds.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=0&sid=c0a8ef8e-4cbd-40c7-83f4-3fc09dea9192%40sessionmgr4010&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=97498033&db=aph

Background: This article essentially talks about the boom of esports. It talks about the video game being a entertainment industry however it is being turned into a competitive scene. He states that the hours a pro player puts in essentially makes them equivalent to athletes because of the rigorous training.

How to use it: This article will be used to show that the esports industry is rising, and lead into the question i’m asking of why there is a skill gap in varsity versus casual teams. This is to show that colleges need to invest in esports

 

3) Recognizing ESports as a Sport: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Daniel_Kane13/publication/317929457_Recognizing_ESports_as_a_Sport/links/597f4db5a6fdcc1a9acd7fe1/Recognizing-ESports-as-a-Sport.pdf

Background: This article talks about how esports should be categorized as sports in the competitive level. Using the definition of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, the author believes that esports still fits in their category as sports. This article also defines esports and tries to put it together in the same category as sports. It also talks about the benefits of esports being a sport especially in the NCAA

How to use it: This article tries to separate the amateur and professional environment of esports, this will be used to categorize varsity esports as professional and any clubs to be just amateur. And utilize how beneficial it is to have esports in NCAA to have colleges invest more in eports

 

4) eSports: The New intercollegiate “athlete”: https://ascue.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Jenny_eSports_ASCUE2016.pdf

Background:This powerpoint introduces esports as a mainstream sport and the players as athletes in college. It compiles several colleges, and shows the usage of esports scholarship. This powerpoint breaks down what categories it must hit to be defined as a sport. This also tries to show how to institutionalize esports in college.

How to use it: In this I have focused on specifically sport having to have physical exertion to be considered a sport. This powerpoint talks about exercise games but it’s not competitive. I use a substitute to show in my article that physical exertion does exist in video games, and it’s mostly in the eyes and hands.

 

5) eSport management: Embracing eSport education and research opportunities: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1441352317300670

Background: This article talks about how esports is evolving, and how do we classify as as a sport? This defines esports but it checks to see which aspects of sports should be a criteria for esports to be considered to be in it. Even further it tries to discuss how its a growing industry and sports should try to guide it.

How to use it: I use this to discuss how esports is different from video game, it shows the difference between ‘fun’ and ‘competition’. This also talks about how diversity is created within college varsity teams to show that esports is evolving and that helps my article by showing the impact of esports in the collegiate scene.

 

6) Campus knowledge of esports: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4292&context=etd

Background: this article focuses on how esports can lead to a higher education. Essentially it talks about how colleges are looking for new innovative ways to have more people enroll in their school, but esports is a fairly new phenomenon and how should colleges treat this to get more enrollment. It has a survey that also shows player earning and such to show how this can lead to a career.

How to use it: This is being used mostly for showing how this leads to a higher education. With video games growing it shows how colleges can utilize this to show improvement in enrollment and have students chase after that goal.

 

7) Comparison of eSports and Traditional Sports Consumption Motives: https://search.proquest.com/docview/917532561?pq-origsite=gscholar

Background: This article focuses on comparing esports and sport media consumption. The author goes over 14 different motivational factors that affects the time spent watching esports. This article also talks about how video game developers might take the route to creating a game that is competitive for esports.

How to use it: I will be using this show my experience in the behind the scenes of creating a game to be competitive. I utilize my experience with Amazon for the game Crucible which I was flown out for; to lead the topic of creating games for esports in my essay, to show what games should colleges focus on in esports.

 

8) Time to be grown-ups about video gaming: the rising esports industry and the need for regulation: http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/arz57&div=29&g_sent=1&casa_token=&collection=journals

Background: This article talks about how to regulate esports. The main topics are how can the government get involved. The author wants the government to regulate the visas, form an esports association, and classify which players are employees.

How to use it: I will be using this to show that varsity teams are winning money but does it classify them as employees? The author states that almost any paid players are employees, but I will be fighting that argument, to show that certain games have different wages and it’s not exactly a stable income.

 

9) Not just a game: the employment Status and collective bargaining rights of professional esports players: http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/walee22&div=18&g_sent=1&casa_token=&collection=journals

Background: This article focuses on employment status of people in this industry. This article defines what an employee is and tries to figure out if players are employee of their own org or are they employees of the game.This article leads to showing what federal laws are applicable to give these players employment status.

How to use it: I will be using this to show which parts of the esports industry will we consider employment for esports. There are lot of section to esports, like the games, writes, the players, but they all could apply to the federal employment laws in one way or the other, so it shows my discussion in that.

 

10) Survey I conducted: https://imgur.com/a/tWIZa

I asked in a public collegiate esports tournament group chat (Discord.gg/AVGL) “how does collegiate varsity esports team compare skill wise to just gaming clubs. Pretty much is there a skill gap?”

Background: What I got from the surveys are player responses stating essentially how it run in their college. However few statements from various people gives clarification on the skill gap between pro, varsity and casual gaming. Essentially how did varsity esports team get beat out by casual college players.

How to use it: I work with AVGL and conducted this public survey to give me a better understanding how things are run at colleges with varsity esports. I will be focusing on what Victor said on the topic of coaching. Essentially answering the question is 4 years enough for the players to really make any impact in improving.

Bibliography—pdqlover

 

A Revised First Source

  1. Copley, Margaret Freeman, and John B. Bodensteiner. “Chronic Sorrow in Families of Disabled Children.” Journal of Child Neurology, vol. 2, no. 1, 1987, pp. 67–70., doi:10.1177/088307388700200113.

Background: The author has collected and analyzed the psychological literature examining the Chronic Sorrow of parents who give birth to children with disabilities. She describes the ongoing grief—similar to the grief of parents whose child dies—caused by “the loss of an idealized normal child.” One parent reports that he and others suffer “months and years of anguish, roller coaster cycles of elation and depression as the parents try to deny the evidence before their eyes that their child is less than ordinary or normal.” 

The effect on normal siblings is not described in this source, but is easy to imagine from what is described. “Parents cannot effectively mourn the loss of the idealized child because of the unrelenting daily demands of the living disabled child,” which will reasonably deprive them of the psychic strength to properly nurture their “normal” children as they deserve. And that will likely cause resentment in the siblings. Parents who feel “helpless, hopeless, and anxious” all the time, and who react with “anger, resentment, and aggression” to the frustration of their predicament will not parent as well as they should.

How I Used It: I used this article to establish that parents of a handicapped child are stunted in their ability to properly nurture their other children. Then, since the parents are grieving, I sought and found articles that address how the DEATH of a sibling affects the parent-child relationship with the survivors. Those healthy siblings suffer a loss of affection from their parents along with the burden of being the surviving child, of whom much more is expected and demanded.

 

2. Chien, Yi-Ling, et al. “School Functions in Unaffected Siblings of Youths with Autism Spectrum Disorders.” SpringerLink, Springer US, 6 July 2017, link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10803-017-3223-0.

Background: This article is about the question of whether or not the normal child and handicapped child brother and sister relationship differ in any significant way from children in any other non-handicapped brother and sister relationship.

How I used it: This article proves that growing up with a handicapped brother and sister can have some differences in the house and in school or public.

3. Hartley, S., et al. “How Do Carers of Disabled Children Cope? The Ugandan Perspective.”Child: Care, Health and Development, Blackwell Science Ltd, 16 Feb. 2005, onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2004.00464.x/full.

Background: This article describes caring for a disabled family member generally falls on one person sometimes two, specifically females. Male members of the family such as father or uncles usually control the key decisions concerning the child and the associated resources.

How I used it: This article proves that most care providers are woman as nurtures.

4. Franklin, Anita, and Patricia Sloper. “Participation of Disabled Children and Young People in Decision Making Within Social Services Departments: A Survey of Current and Recent Activities in England | The British Journal of Social Work | Oxford Academic.” OUP Academic, Oxford University Press, 10 Oct. 2005, http://www.academic.oup.com/bjsw/article-abstract/36/5/723/1645153/Participation-of-Disabled-Children-and-Young.

Background: This article is an investigation concerning the participation of disabled children within decision-making regarding their own care and in service development. Such as care given to them in the home and care provided to them from a provider.

How I used it:  This article proves, if possible the disabled should be a part and current when decisions are made about their care options.

5.www.researchgate.net/publication/233648603_Depression_Symptoms_and_Emotional_States_in_Parents_of_Disabled_and_Non-Disabled_Children.

Background: This article is a survey between parents of handicapped and non handicapped children and in difference in how they develop symptoms of depression.

How I used it: This article proves that being a parent can be stressful but being a parent of a disabled child causes excessive stress.

6. Strawbridge, William J. 1940-. “The Effects of Social Factors on Adult Children Caring for Older Parents.” University of Washington Libraries ResearchWorks Service, 1 Jan. 1991, digital.lib.washington.edu/researchworks/handle/1773/8869.

Background: This article is a test to evaluate the physical and emotional state of caregivers, caring for a disabled person. The results show that they have a poor mental health themselves causes by stress and family conflict.

How I used it: This article was the extra information I needed to prove that being a caregiver is not easy. I used it to emphasize that being a sibling care giving requires time and patience.

7. Featherstone H: A difference in the family, in Living With a Disabled Child. New York, Penguin Books, 1980, pp 232, 233.

Background:  This article is about the community-based rehabilitation (CBR) in Uganda. It was created by the World Health Organization in 1989 to help families cope with taking care of a disabled family member and helps to improve the utility of life of the disabled and their family.

How I used it: This article helped me in my writing to explain various programs that help families with disabled children.

8. “Understanding emotions in others: mirror neuron dysfunction in children with autism spectrum disorders”  https://www.nature.com/articles/nn1611

Background: This article goes into great detail about the autism spectrum and what it actually is. It also discusses other mental illness children may be diagnosed with.

How I used it: I used this article to help me have better understanding of the definition  of each mental illness.

9. Reichman, Nancy E., et al. “Impact of Child Disability on the Family.” SpringerLink, Springer US, 1 Dec. 2007, link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10995-007-0307-z.

Background: This article is about the relationship between the parents and children, their living arrangements whether they need special accommodations for the disabled child and relationships with other extended family members and the children.

How I used it: I used the article to explain how taking care of the disabled and they responsibilities that come with it may fall on extended family members.

10. “Mothers Who Care.” Journal of Family Issues, journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/019251391012002005?legid=spjfi%3B12%2F2%2F211c12%2F2%2F211r12%2F2%2F211p12%2F2%2F211c12%2F2%2F211p12%2F2%2F211.

Background: This article is about mothers who care about the process of care of their children as they get older. It also explores that women are the dominant sex when it comes to being a care giver to a family member.

How I used it:  I used this article in to explain my personal experience with only women being care givers in my family.

Annotated Bibliography-Jonhjelly

1.Swain, Frank. “Future – Why I want a microchip implant.” BBC, BBC, 10 Feb. 2014, http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20140209-why-i-want-a-microchip-implant.

Background: This article provides a strong argument on a positive outlook on why having a microchip  implanted will be help towards human society. The author talks about how they tried to embedded a microchip from a train card into their body so that they can gain access with a wave of a hand and no card. Also he talks about if we can eventually have a microchip that is truly universal that was embedded in our bodies then it would be very help because we could have access to so much of the digital world. For example we can purchase things for the store with a wave of hand or withdraw money from the ATM without putting in a pin number. Simple things such as this will be extremely easier and safer. The author claims that having a micro chip embedded in our bodies will come more in handy for certain things.

How to use it: By this author listing the positive of having a identity chip within our bodies will help me provide better arguments for my research paper.

2.Post, G. (2017). Should people agree to the use of identity chips?. [online] Startup Dope. Available at: http://startupdope.com/people-agree-use-identity-chips/ [Accessed 27 Nov. 2017].

Background:This article provides a list of pros and cons of having a Identity chip embedded into our skin. A radio-frequency identification microchip that could used to identify your body. A pro is that it will be good for traveling because it will be able to pinpoint our exact location. A con will be security reasons such as, if microchips exist then microchips readers will also exists as well. If a person has a microchip then they will be able to see your identity with out you having  a say in the matter. This author claims that having a microchip can be dangerous as much as it is useful because of the lack of privacy due to the microchip readers.

How to use it: By this author stating pros and cons it gives me more information on mu topic also it gives me more information on the cons on this topic.

3.Anon, (2017). [online] Available at:https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn5022-clubbers-choose-chip-implants-to-jump-queues/ [Accessed 27 Nov. 2017].

Background: This article provides information on clubbers in Spain choosing to have a RFID chip implanted instead of a regular membership card because this way they will be able to skip lines and gain entry into the club. The article also talks about how this clubs states the benefits of having this chip is that it will be safer for people because they will not have to bring a wallet because they won’t need it. They have an in-house credit that will be linked to the micro chip. This way people leaving the club will be safer from robbery. This author claims that having a microchip is very beneficial for clubbing and makes it more fun and more safe.

How to use it: By this article giving a positive example of how the microchips could be a great impact on society it gives me more information to write a better argument for the positives of having a microchip.

4.Images, A. (2017). Would you let your boss microchip you?. [online] Marketplace.org.Availableat:https://www.marketplace.org/2017/07/26/tech/sitting-down-three-square-market-microchips-its-employees [Accessed 28 Nov. 2017].

Background: This article talks about a company named Three Squared Market is inserting micro chips into their employees hand right in-between the pointer and index finger. The article is about employees talking about how it is such great device and how it allows them to get into their office, log into their computers, and buy lunch with just a wave of their hand. The claim this author is making is that having a microchip is a plus in the eyes of these employees because it makes the a simple task even easier.

How to use it: By this article giving a insight into a company where they allow their works to have this micro chip, and have them talk about how great it is. It gives my more information to use in my research paper.

5.euronews. (2017). RFID chips: a key to more or less freedom?. [online] Available at: http://www.euronews.com/2015/06/23/rfid-chips-a-key-to-more-or-less-freedom [Accessed 28 Nov. 2017].

Background: This article provides another positive outlook on the micro chip. In this article the author talks about how it will be easier to unlock doors and how losing keys will never be an issue. The author of the article is a fan of the new technology and also gives useful information on the subject. The claim he makes it that having this microchip will make finding your lose car keys extremely easier to find, also he claims having this chip in general will make life easier.

How to use it: By this article talking about the positives of this device it gives me more useful information on the positives of have this microchip embedded in our skin.

6.“Human-Implantable RFID chips: Some ethical and privacy concerns.” Healthcare IT News, 27 Dec. 2008, http://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/human-implantable-rfid-chips-some-ethical-and-privacy-concerns.

Background: This sources has information about the microchip if it was meant to be a medical bracelet. It would replace the medical bracelets that are currently in use now. It would have all of our medical emergency information. This way it will be safer than if the microchip contained all of our information.

How to use it: I would use this in my paper by giving examples of how the microchip could be used safer if it was used as a medical bracelet instead of a having all of your bank and personal information.

7.Pdfs.semanticscholar.org. (2017). Cite a Website – Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/43e6/ba8aff7d8337b4a7e0d4bbd788ac877d37c0.pdf [Accessed 28 Nov. 2017].

Background: This article was giving information about the RFID chips  also known as the microchip that would be embedded into our skins. Based off the information that was provided in this article it is stated that the RFID chip will monitoring the employees of the company. And it also gives the other specs of the RFID chip.

How is it used:  The information the was gather from this article I can use in my essay by displaying how the micro chip is used in other areas other than shopping and looking for deals.

8 Anon, (2017). [online] Available at: .https://www.google.com/patents/US8639543 [Accessed 28 Nov. 2017].

Background: This article is about how the RFID chip will increase employee productivity in the work area.

How is it used:  This information is used making my argument stronger how the microchip and how it is incorporated in the workplace and how it increases the productivity of the employee.

9.“How RFID Works.” HowStuffWorks, 5 Nov. 2007, electronics.howstuffworks.com/gadgets/high-tech-gadgets/rfid.htm.

Background: This article gives me information about how the RFID chip works and gives the benefits of how the microchip  and what they are used for.

How it is used: I can used this article and incorporate it into my article and it can be used in my argument by going into detail about how th RFID is used to track employees.

10. Centrenational-rfid.com. (2017). RFID frequency ranges. [online] Available at: http://www.centrenational-rfid.com/rfid-frequency-ranges-article-16-gb-ruid-202.html [Accessed 28 Nov. 2017].

Background: This article gives information about the Ranges of the RFID chip and talks about how far you use be to pick up the information that would be on the chip.

How it is used: I can use this article by incorporating it the section of my essay when I’m talking bout the  safety of the people who have these microchips in there bodies.

11.Fox, M. (2017, July 24). Installing microchips in employees is ‘the right thing to do,’ CEO says. Retrieved December 05, 2017, from https://www.cnbc.com/2017/07/24/installing-microchips-in-employees-is-the-right-thing-to-do-ceo-says.html

Background: This articles talks about a company that use been using the microchip in its work place. They have allowed their works to have it installed for free.

How its used: I will use this information to help my argument strong by giving examples of how its is used in this office. 

bibliography–todayistheday

Roll, Jordan The World of Slave Trade

Background:  Slaves for the most part believed they were inferior and that their lives were meant to work for the white man.  Slaves either obey or die.  Africans were ripped away from their home country and sold off to whites so they could work until they died in this foreign land.

How I used it: This article helped connect similarities between African slaves and animals within SeaWorld parks.  They are ripped away from their natural habitat only to forced into working for their masters. Neither animals in SeaWorld parks or slaves have/had any hope of freedom.

 

What will the future bring? Prison mental health care in England 

Background: This article gives statistics of inmate’s mental health condition within England’s prison system. The estimate that the proportion of people with mental health problems within in prisons is 90%.

What it proves: This article helped me connect SeaWorld’s animals to inmates.  Both are confined to small areas for most of the day. This article takes a look at what being confined within concrete walls can do to the human brain.  Seeing such a high risk of mental health and suicide rates with human inmates, it allowed me to question what it must do to the animal prisoners at SeaWorld.

Kidnapping and Mental Health in Iraqi Refugees: The Role of Resilience

Essential Content of Article: This is a study conducted to observe the presence of Post traumatic stress disorder and major depression disorder with kidnapping victims.  The study conducts the experiment on Iraqi refugees, especially those who had been kidnapped.  Results indicated those diagnosed with PTSD were more likely to have been kidnapped.

How I Used It: This article gave me evidence to prove kidnapping indicates a higher likelihood to develop PSTD.  I explained PTSD and its symptoms.  Than I discussed the study.  This allowed me to describe how orcas were taken from the wild.  Orcas usually stay with their family their whole lives.  But when they’re kidnapped they suffer greatly at the expense of entertainment.

Breaking News: The last generation of orcas at SeaWorld 

Background: SeaWorld states they will not release the remaining orcas, because they would not be able to handle the elements and dangers of the wild.  They then state that the orcas will remain in the love and care of SeaWorld.

How I used It: By collecting a statement from SeaWorld that disagrees with my claim it helped me further prove my point. Even though SeaWorld hasn’t collected an orca from the wild in 40 years they are still reaping the benefits of those captured orcas.  They deny the request to free orcas into the wild because of the dangers of elements they aren’t accustomed too.

Jean-Michel Cousteau: SeaWorld should set captive orcas free

Background: An oceanographer believes orcas can be successively reintroduced into their wild habitat.   By using seaside sanctuaries captive orcas can be adjusted to hunting for food and learning the techniques of wild orcas.

How I used it:  This article, although it agrees with my opinion, does not echo my thesis.  I used the facts to dispute the SeaWorld claim that orcas cannot safely be released to the wild.  This scientifically proves that seaside sanctuaries could be the answer to releasing the orcas.

“The Debate- Pro-Captivity.” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service.

Background: This is a released statement by SeaWorld employees, McBain and Andrews.  Their opinions on the quality of life orcas and all captive animals is importance to the evidence against SeaWorld.  They use several facts to prove their claims.

How I Used it: I used this article in my rebuttal, it is important to recognize the opposing view point.  It is crucial to find stronger evidence against this pov, so I gather further information to discredit McBain and Andrews claims.

Powell, Dylan.  “The Free Willy Effect: Perspective and Time in the Anti-Captivity Movement.”Dylan Powell, 12 Mar. 2014.

Background: This article describes the Free Willy movie and its effect on its viewers.  After falling in love with Willy, viewers loved Keiko, the whale who played Willy.  People wanted to free Keiko from his life in captivity and release him into the wild; where he could be happy, healthy, and free.  Free Willy was the start to the major anti-captivity movements.  Free Willy is the reason people are still inspired to empty the tanks and release orcas into the wild.

How I Used It: I used this article in my causal argument.  I wanted to pinpoint a movement where the fuse was lit.  I believe it all started with Free Willy.  Keiko was freed and became an example. This article allowed me to dive into the debate over people then wanting to release SeaWorld’s orcas.

“Predator-Prey Relationships.” NECSI Evolution.

Background: This short explanation defines predator and prey and their relationship to one another.  Predator and prey rely on each other and move together in order to survive.  Predator must eat prey to survive, prey must avoid being eaten to survive; it is a dangerous game.

How I Used It: I used this article to categorize orcas as predators but only if they’re in the wild.  Once orcas are captured and stuck into tanks they become the prey. Orcas once at the top of the food chain become the ones struggling to survive. I use this article to show how unnatural it is to take a born predator and force it to become prey.

 Holm, Gretchen, and Erica Roth. “Toxoplasmosis.” Healthline, Healthline Media, 10 Feb. 2016.

Background: This article details what Toxoplasmosis is and what the effects are.  Toxoplasmosis is a parasite that infects your brain and causes sickness and mental health issues within its host.

How I used it: I used this article to show that alone orcas fall prey to SeaWorld, SeaWorld does not become predator though.  SeaWorld becomes a parasite because it does not survive by killing its prey but rather they leech off the nutrients and thriving environment the prey provides. I use this article to categorize SeaWorld and Toxoplasmosis as deadly parasites that infect the brains of their hosts.

Schelling, Ameena. “SeaWorld Orcas Have ‘Alarming’ Number Of Injuries, Vet Reveals.” The Dodo, The Dodo, 11 Aug. 2015.

Background: This article describes the condition of orcas health at San Diego SeaWorld.  The biggest concern was the condition of the orca’s teeth. Orcas in captivity chew on their metal gates and cause harm to their teeth.  In order to fix the teeth the orcas has to get root canal, followed by daily cleanings. This dental trauma is not seen in the wild and is found most commonly in captive orcas.

How I Used It: I used this article to show that SeaWorld survives off the orcas but meanwhile the orca’s health is suffering.  Parasites harm their hosts because they take away from their hosts in order to feed themselves.  Seaworld rips orcas away from the wild where they thrive just so they can make money.  This article helped me finalize the cause and effect between SeaWorld’s and the orcas.

Bibliography– Splash305

1. Chifflet, Pascale. “Questioning the Validity of Criminal Profiling: an Evidence-Based Approach.” Questioning the Validity of Criminal Profiling: an Evidence-Based ApproachAustralian &Amp; New Zealand Journal of Criminology – Pascale Chifflet, 2015, 12 May 2014.

Background: This article talks about the different types of profiling and how it is used in criminal investigations to seek out criminals.

How I was used: I used it to read and learn more about the many different ways of profiling based on evidence and behavior. This article also gave me insight in this field so I could better understand what it is like.

2. Anonymous. INSIDE THE MIND OF THE MIND HUNTER: An Interview with Legendary FBI Agent John Douglas. 2017, Spring.

Background: This book talks about John Douglas’ personal experiance being an FBI profiler and the experiences he went through on and off of the job. He talked about what jobs he preformed and how many at a time and the impact it had on him.

How I used it: I used it by explaining how profilers go though a lot off difficult experiences and how it can really have affects on mental health. I used this also by going off of johns personal experience. I put direct quotes of his experiences in my paper.

3. Anonymous. Conference Presenter Spotlight: An Interview with Greg Cooper, MPA, FBI (Retired), Chief of Police (Retired). 2007, Summer.

Background: This article talks about a man Greg Cooper, and his experiences with the FBI criminal intent unit. He also shares how he worked closely with John Douglas.

How I used it: I ued it by reading  and educating myself about how Greg Cooper has had different everyday experiences even being retired from the force, this incudes different experiences from the normal everyday police officer.

4. Sarapin, Susan H., and Glenn G. Sparks. Sci., Psi, and CSI: Police Officers and Students’ Paranormal TV Consumption, Real-Life Experience with Paranormal Phenomena, and Perceptions of Psychic Detectives. 3 Aug. 2014.

Background: This article talks about the televised affect the criminal unit has on people and what it portrays to those who don’t know what really goes on in the real FBI criminal intent unit.

How I used it: This article did not provide me with any substantial evidence to put into my paper but it did provide me with a better knowledge of the people who watch the TV versions of FBI criminal units and how they have a comptetely different view of what actually goes into being a profiler and what they actually do.

5. Olson, Bernadette Faith. Critical Issues in Profiling: An Exploratory Analysis on the Role of Specialization. 2003.

Background: This article talks about the different behavioral traits each criminal can have and being able to seek that out right away. It also talks about how to learn to pick up on these factors.

How I used it: This article wasn’t used within my research paper but it was used by helping me better understand how some criminals need to be figured out first in order to go about talking to them. Also with the skills that are picked up start to be included in an everyday lifestyle with all of the people seen and met.

6.  Miller, Laurence. “Dealing with the Stress of Criminal Investigation:” PoliceOne, 6 Mar. 2008.

Background: This article talks about how being a criminal investigator really gets to you. It goes through each different type of crime and how each one has different negative affects. Then it goes through talking about different coping methods with the people in the same work place/field.

How I used it: I used it but providing examples from the article in my research paper to better explain the negative affects being a criminal investigator can have. I also provided some of the coping methods within my paper.

7. Arias, Elizabeth A., et al. “Police Officers Who Commit Suicide by Cop: A Clinical Study with Analysis.” Journal of Forensic Sciences, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 25 Aug. 2008.

Background: This article talks about how when some cops can’t take it anymore, instead of commiting suicide they have a cop kill them on purpose. That way they aren’t the ones doing it and it doesn’t look like an actual suicide.

How I used it: I used it by providing a specific story into my rebuttal arguement about a cop who had a lot going on and chose to get caught up in a car chase. Therefore resulting in him getting shot and killed.

8. Waugh, Jalika Rivera. Exposure to Traumatic Death Events and Traumatic Event-Related Stress in Crime Scene Investigators: A Multiple Regression Analysis. 2013.

Background: This book talks about the tramatic levels of stress law and crime scene investigators go through when subjected to tramatic deaths. It even states that in some cases being subjected to this can have positive affects.

How I used it: I used this book to provide information and background in my causal argument about how experiencing this kinds of tramatic things can affect a persons mental health.

9.  Mrevlje, Tinkara Pavšič. “Coping with Work‐Related Traumatic Situations among Crime Scene Technicians.” Stress and Health, 2 Jan. 2015.

Background: This article talks about how being exposed to tramatic situations can have many psychological consequesnes. Then it goes through the different varieties of helpful unstudied coping methods in this work field.

How I used it: I used this article to provied more useful information in my paper by providing specific examples. Also a better understanding of the diiferent tramatic experiences and coping methods.

10. Leone, Matthew C., and Renee Keel. “Occupational Stress and the Crime Scene Investigator.”Journal of Law and Criminal Justice, vol. 4, no. 1, June 2016, pp. 63–74., doi:10.15640/jlcj.v4n1a4.

Background: This article talks about the different kinds of stresses that are involved with different sitiations that are experienced in the law enforcement types of fields. It talks about the result of these stressors and how to go about fixing or coping with said stressors.

How I used it: I used this article by providing specific examples and using the knowledge I got from it to help me better explain the different kinds of stressors, results from them, and how to fix or cope with them.

Annotated Bibliography-NewEditionLover

1.Ludwig, Jens, and Philip J. Cook. “The Benefits of Reducing Gun Violence: Evidence from Contingent-Valuation Survey Data.” SpringerLink, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1 May 2001, link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1011144500928.

Background – Article focuses on the rise of gun violence , and the peoples willingness to pay to reduce gun violence by 30%.

How I Used It – This article helped me shape the importance of gun violence and seeking out the real cause and problems which occur everyday in our society. I used this source to show the importance of how serious the problem is and what is a way in which we can stop it. I say this because the article discussed the willingness in which asking would people pay to reduce the gun violence.

2. Scott H. Decker, Susan Pennell, and Ami Caldwell “Illegal Firearms: Access and Use By Arrestees”1 January 1997,https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles/163496.pdf

Background- A study, supported by the National Institute of Justice, of arrestees’ access to firearms, their availability, and the reasons they are owned and used.

How I Used It – I obtained this information by critically reviewing this article by showing how the gun violence starts. Receiving a firearm is relatively easy for those who have been imprisoned because of their actions and connections.

3.Alcorn, T., & Burris, S. (2016). Gun violence prevention. The Lancet, 388(10041), 233. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31036-4

Background-this article discusses of gun laws and the laws implemented in the United States. Also discussed   they stated that here is an emerging consensus that certain gun laws reduce gun violence, particularly those requiring all gun buyers to first pass background checks, and those barring domestic abusers from possessing guns.

How I Used It- That the mental health needs to be better assessed as many more people are now buying guns. Health is very important and I feel as though more attention needs to be given as far as getting those the care they need.

4.Shannon Frattaroli, Daniel W. Webster, Garen J. Wintemute. Implementing a Public Health Approach to Gun Violence Prevention: The Importance of Physician Engagement. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158:697–698. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-158-9-201305070-00597

Background-Survey’s findings indicating that most physicians viewed gun violence as a public health problem and that they supported a more active role for the profession in preventing it.  Also whether to muster support for “stand your ground” laws or rally in opposition to proposals that would track gun purchases to aid law enforcement investigations, fear is an element of how we talk about guns.

How I Used It- That gun owners need mental health care after they acquire guns because in what ways do we know what you are going to do after you leave the vicinity of others.

5.Schafer, J. “Rates of Intimate Partner Violence in the United States.” American Public Health Association (APHA) Publications, 30 Aug. 2011, ajph.aphapublications.org/action/showCitFormats?doi=10.2105%2FAJPH.88.11.1702.

Background-surveys conducted on inmate violence due to the range of gun violence on female to male ratio of violence interactions.The purpose of this study was to estimate nationwide rates of intimate partner violence with data from both couple members

How I Used It -Study the issue and level of violence of inmates that are incarcerated.  Also I showed the importance and high levels of relationship violence that can acquire from different spousal opinions.

6.ProCon.org. “Gun Control ProCon.org.” ProCon.org. 5 Oct. 2017, 6:21 p.m., gun-control.procon.org/

Background- America has the highest total for guns per people. Next  our gun control comes from our historical background as guns stemmed from the wars were involved in.Proponents of more gun control laws state that the Second Amendment was intended for militias; that gun violence would be reduced; that gun restrictions have always existed

How I Used It – Stating that guns laws need to be more complex and just.  Simply to me the background checks aren’t enough and more needs to be done so everyone can feel safe.

7. Metzl, Jonathan. Mental Illness, Mass Shootings, and the Politics of American Firearms. 9 Aug. 2014, http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302242

Background- After all the mass shootings the United States have faced the main assumption that pops up in everyone’s head is mental illness causes gun violence.

How I Used It- discussing how mental illness can cause people to attract towards gun violence to harm others.

8. Kate’s, Don B.; Mauser, Gary. “Would Banning Firearms Reduce Murder and Suicide – A Review of International and Some Domestic Evidence,” Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy vol. 30, no. 2 (Spring 2007): p. 649-694.

Background- The more guns there are the more deaths we will result from. The fewer guns we have then the least deaths that we will have.

What I Used- If we eliminate the use of guns ,and only have them in the possession of staff and faculty that jobs revolve around them then the world could and would be a safer environment for others to live in.

9. Politifact, and Barack Obama President. “Obama: Violent Felons Can Buy Guns Online without Background Checks.” @Politifact, 5 Jan. 2016, www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/jan/05/barack-obama/obama-violent-felons-can-buy-guns-online-without-b/.

Background- under our current system dangerous people have it easy as to accessing fire arms. With loopholes and easy access we have to do better at administering fire arms and just ban them all together! Also gun providers have been doing things under different rules with no background checks available online.

What I Used – More background checks need to be given out ,also the quality of the checks need to be adequate and efficient enough for people not to be able to slip through the system.

10.“Bulk Gun Purchases.” Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence, 15 Oct. 2017, lawcenter.giffords.org/gun-laws/policy-areas/crime-guns/bulk-gun-purchases/.

Background Checks- Should it be legal for people to be able to have multiple firearms ? Should there be a limit? Limiting the use of guns in bulk will reduce gun violence

What I Used? Stating that it should be a law restricting people on getting guns in bulk  which reduce the levels of gun trafficking which then converts to people illegally performing and using them.