Proposal+5 Rewrite—TheAdmiral

Proposal- For my research paper, I would like to look into the debate of kneeling or standing for the national anthem in the NFL, and get people’s feelings on the matter. I want to research the background of why this is going on, and possibly explain both sides of the matter.

Source one:

Personal survey that I will administer to average people to get their opinions on the matter.

Essential content: The essential content of the survey will allow me to gather people’s opinions and knowledge on the subject

What it proves: I do not know what it will prove, but it will definitely prove something.

Source two: http://mwcnews.net/focus/analysis/3770-police-brutality-in-america.pdf

Essential context: This source is giving information on police brutality, and the effects that it has had on this country. The source talks about a particular incident in Oakland, Ca, where a man was forced to the ground without threatening police, and shot in the back, all while being video taped by at least five people.

What it proves: This source proves that police brutality is alive and well in this country, supporting the idea of kneeling for the pledge.

Source three:

Click to access opinion_editorial_5.pdf

Essential Context: This article talks about how the protest started, and gave Collin Kaepernicks view and the reasons that he started the protest. It also gives insight on the reasons the protest started.

What it proves: This source gives us more information on what the protest is, and the origin of protesting. This article further explains Collin Kapernicks whole view on it, and why he even started the protest in the first place.

Source four: The song “Proud to be an American” By Lee greenwood
https://www.azlyrics.com/lyrics/leegreenwood/proudtobeanamerican.html

Essential context: talks about what it means to be an american, and how proud we should be as a nation. It is unspoken that we as Americans have a devoted love to their country, and writing this song was just one of the many ways that we as Americans show our love to the flag and our country.

What it proves: How much pride some people have in the country, that they decided to make a song showing it. The song has lines like “And Ill proudly stand up” talking about standing up and fighting for the country that they love.

Source five: https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nfl/2017/10/15/nfl-players-protests-national-anthem-kneeling/765957001/

Essential Context: This article talks about the 49ers still protesting, and gives Roger Goodell’s (The NFL commissioner) statement on the matter. Roger Goodell states that he supports the players right to peacefully protest, but he does not want it to effect the attendance at football games.

What it proves: It proves that kneeling has become a big issue dealing with patriotism in the country, and even after statements from the commissioner have been released, players are still doing it because they feel so strongly.

Visual Rewrite–Theadmiral

0:00, 00:1- A younger asian man looks to be sitting on the couch possibly in his home. There is a blanket, rolled up next to him. We also see a thermostat to our left and over his right shoulder. This could have been done intentionally by the director to give it a more homey feeling, and not just a set. He is looking at his phone, and appears to be texting. He sits on the middle cushion, probably because the director wants to make him the center of focus. He There looks to be a black and white picture on the wall, again probably for decor of the house. I cannot make out the image, it looks to be some sort of mountain setting. There is a red barn or some sort of shed out back, if you look through the sliding glass door.

0:02- The man is now sitting in a library. He is still on his phone, He is in different clothes, now wearing a grayish, blue sweater. This sweater could suggest it is winter time, because he was wearing another sweater in the first scene with a wool blanket raveled up. His hair is still in the same fashion, the kind of wave hairdo I used to wear in third grade. He looks to be sitting in the back of the library, with a copious amount of books behind to him. I cannot make out any titles on the books, probably done to not take away from the actor. There is one book to the right of his head that stands out tho, only because of its yellow color. The title of the video is “project yellow” so I think the yellow book can be a small sign used by the director.

0:03- The man has changed scenes again to a gym now. He looks to be doing some sit ups while texting. His outfit changed again, to a plain white shirt, and a yellow headband. He is still texting, fully focused on his phone. The gym he is attending does not look very occupied. You can see one man in the mirror, looking to be doing some tricep pushdowns, and the Tv is on, so we know he is not alone in the gym. He is now wearing a silver watch on his left wrist. The watch on his wrist seems unusual to me because it does not look like a fitbit, or some sort of runners watch, but a dressier watch.  There is a hand sanitizer dispenser to the right of his head. The texting while he is doing all of his actions suggests that a majority of his life is spent on his phone, and that with every task he does, or every where he goes, he is glued to his phone.

0:04- The man changed scenes from the gym, now to some sort of outdoor patio of a restaurant. There is a person, removed to his right, our left, that looks to be sitting down, and eating. We can tell he is eating because he is bringing something to his mouth, and that is usually how I eat a burger, so I think it is safe to assume he is eating some sort of finger food. He is wearing a long sleeve shirt, and the people in the background are wearing heavier clothing as well, suggesting that it again is colder outside where they are. The man is still on his phone, texting, but he has changed his outfit, or shirt at least. There are people in the background, it looks like they too are eating.

0:05- The man has changed scenes again to it appears to be his birthday party. It is safe to assume it is his party because there are a bunch of people standing up around him, and his is sitting with a cupcake with a candle in it in front of him. He is texting, as he has been in every other scene. The people to the left and the right of him are barely visible. This is done to show that the focus was not on the people at his birthday party, but that he was so focused on his phone. It is kind of an allusion toward the term “tunnel vision” where you cannot see anything around you, but you are so focused and engulfed in one thing. His shirt has changed again, to a white quarter zip sweater with blue stripes on it. He has a black watch on now.

0:06- Now we see the man in yet another location, on a carousel. He is still texting. There is nobody near him on the carousel. He is now wearing a cream colored sweater.In all of the scenes so far, he has been wearing long sleeved shirts, or sweaters. The director could have done this to keep the seasons the same, and to show that he is probably staying around town. The top of the carousel is yellow, which again could be another thing like the book in the library leading back to the title of the video.

0:07- The man is still texting, but now he is on a date with a red headed girl. I do not know where they are, maybe her house because it looks like a home, from the plants behind his head, and there looks to be a kitchen behind him and to the right. They are sitting on a couch, and he is wearing the same white quarter zip sweater from a few scenes ago. She is dressed in all black, and kind of out of the light, bringing more focus to the man texting, and so much her and their date.I do not know if it is the quality of the video or not, but again the female to his left looks to be in less light than. Probably showing that the focus of the video is more towards the man texting and not what he is doing.

0:08- The camera is now placed in the back of an open refrigerator. We see the man texting, and closing the refrigerator door. When we look at the refrigerator, it does not seem to have much in it, maybe suggesting he is a “broke college student” because he looks around our age. The contents of someones refrigerator can sometimes show wealth. If you can afford a lot of food, you are probably a little better well off than a person who has nothing in their refrigerator.

0:09- The next scene is the same man in the dark, bundled up in a blanket. He appears to be laying in his bed, with nothing but the light from his phone shining on his face. When we think of bundled up, we think of warmth, and the womb of our mothers. That is what the root of that comfortability is, so the director could have done this to show that his security is his phone, because he is constantly with it, and he is constantly using it.

0:10- The same man is texting, sitting in front of a ping pong table, with a blurred out white ball on the screen. The table is by a window, and it looks to be kind of cloudy outside. He is sitting on the arm of a couch, so this could be in somebody’s basement or somebody’s game room. Him sitting on the arm of the couch shows that the director is trying to make him the center of focus on the screen, because of the positioning of the couch, just like they tried to do in the first scene. He is now wearing a black shirt and a pair of grey pants.

0:10-0:11- We see the man in two different scenes in one second. The speed of the scene change is beginning to speed up. In the first scene, his is in a blue puff jacket with a hat and a blurred out label. The label is probably blurred out because they didn’t want copyright infringements. He looks to be on an escalator at the mall. He could have been meeting some friends but he looked to be alone. If this is the case, then he is shopping so he might have some disposable income, so he might not be a broke college student. He is still texting. In the second scene, he is back in the white sweater, and at some sort of club, or house party with lights flashing. The man is texting in both scenes still.

0:11- In the later parts of the eleventh second, we see yet another scene change of the same man still texting. He is now sitting on a blue park bench, in a jacket. The trees in the background are bare, and he is wearing a jacket, so it is safe to assume that it is winter time. This goes along with the winter theme that has been going on, with the long sleeves and the blankets that were shown. The cold theme could have been chosen because it is “cold” to text and drive because it does take many lives every year.

0:12-14- The twelfth second also has three rapid scene changes. They are all with the man texting, but just in different locations, and in different clothes. The first scene, it looks to me that he is on the second story of a mall. He is wearing a grayish black shirt, and texting and walking. The next scene is him in bed with blankets over his head. His face is lit up by the light from his phone again, but it still looks to be day time from the light coming in from the window in the back of his room. He also is shown back in the gym, behind a man doing some sort of benching. He is still texting (which is not the proper thing to do if he is spotting somebody in a gym, like he is shown in the picture.) In the thirteenth second, they show him back in the mall on the second story. After a short amount of time, he is shown back at the restaurant outside eating, and then back at the gym, but no longer doing sit ups. He also is shown back on his date, back at the ping pong table, back at his birthday party, back at the library, and then back on the carousel.

0:15- They show another rapid burst of scenes starting with him closing the refrigerator, at the ping pong table again, on the escalator at the mall, back at the party with the lights, back at the park, then back in bed.

0:16- He is shown still texting back on the second story of the mall, and then behind the wheel of his car, in a scene we haven’t seen yet. He is texting, in a blue plaid shirt, with no seatbelt on.

0:17-0:19- It goes to the side shot of him in the car with the passenger side, front door open. We see the right side of his body, and he finally puts his phone down. It then goes to an unlocked phone screen, with the rest of the messages blocked out, but only focusing on one message saying “Ok. Driving now so I’ll ttyl.” It stays on the same picture, and then the words “not here” pop up in white letters at the top right of the picture.

0:20- It shows the man driving off, with both hands on the wheel. The words “not here” show up on the screen again, and then underneath of that, a text bubble that says “never here” shows up.

0:22- The last scene shows the car driving away, and at the bottom shows the words “don’t text and drive.”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=4&v=bvGsLisGUM4

 

Stone Money Rewrite- Theadmiral

The Ambiguity of Money

Presently at any mall, convenience store, or place of business, one will rarely witness paper money transactions. Instead, credit and debit card transactions are the new norm as a swipe of a plastic is the trendy method to transfer funds. In fact, technology advanced so far that a customer just needs a smart phone to carry out a retail transaction. Similarly, the economic structures about one hundred years ago on the small island called Yap depicted in the essay by Milton Freidman entitled “The Island of Stone Money” exhibits similar habits. The main difference between today’s American society and Yap lies in the method of payment; instead of swiping cards as use of currency, the people of Yap used large pieces of limestone, shaped and brought over by small bamboo boats hundreds of miles away. These large pieces of limestone changed hands maybe two or three times in a person’s life, because the people of Yap would not use these for everyday essentials like buying groceries; however, the they spent their limestones on wedding dowries for their daughters, and purchasing plots of land for construction of domestic dwellings. After building a dwelling or securing the dowry, the wealth was exchanged from person to person without moving a single stone. Like the swipe of a plastic card that lacks an actual physical transfer of money for goods or services, the people of Yap transferred wealth from one individual to another. After reviewing all the concepts from the article on the Yap society as well as the information on modern American society, one can conclude that the exchange of paper dollars is rather obsolete as compared to the “old days” when “cash was king.”

To understand the transition of paper money from something that previously had intrinsic value to something that has no value at all, one should understand the history of how paper dollars got their worth. Many years ago, when the United States had enough gold to back up the paper money, one could bring a dollar to the bank and get a dollar’s worth of gold. As the United States government continued to print paper money, the amount of gold one could get with that dollar declined because there were more bills in circulation than the gold that backed them. This concept is what we know as inflation. The island of Yap does not have this problem. As stated in Friedman’s essay, Yap does not have precious metals like gold and silver on their island, so there is no perceived value in material things like metals or even a piece of paper. What Yap sees value in is arduous task of making the Fei, the actual word for the stone money, and the long, dangerous journey involved with traveling to the limestone quarries hundreds of miles away.

The transition to a worthless dollar from the paper dollar that once had worth to people is truly fascinating. Talking to small business owners, Chuck and Maria Nucci, on the matter, they explained things from their point of view. The Nucci have prior business experience with money as they owned a retail establishment for over twenty years. The Nuccis were in the jewelry business for quite some time, so they witnessed firsthand the relationship between gold and paper money. Chuck Nucci explained to inner workings of the gold market and the relationship between the paper dollar and pure gold as a trading commodity. Nucci explained there was a time when gold was not regulated, one purchased gold bullion for about two hundred dollars an ounce. Once it started trading as a popular commodity and became a regulated market, the price of gold sky rocketed and its value doubled, bringing the price to about four hundred dollars an ounce in 1989 according to charts from onlygold.com. Accordingly, when the price of gold goes up, the price of the dollar goes down which makes money which had perceived value to just a piece pf paper.

After again speaking with the Nuccis about this assignment, Chuck Nucci posed an important question, “what exactly gives this big rock so much worth”?  The information in the articles are thought provoking; realistically, the fei and the dollar bill in today’s society are exactly the same. If one has a one-dollar bill and a one-hundred-dollar bill, and puts them side-by-side, there is not much of a difference between the two except for a watermark, a picture, and a number. Today, there is not nearly enough gold in depositories like Fort Knox to back up the actual worth of American bills, so paper money is now essentially a piece of paper, just as Fei is a large piece of limestone.  Both Fei and paper money rely on word of mouth and have the perception that an ordinary object such as a piece of paper or a rock have value. In contrast, they are both ordinary items that have no value at all. In conclusion, the Fei, and the dollar bill are very similar; both have value because of how they are used in their given societies.

 

Friedman, Milton. “The Island of Stone Money.” Diss. Hoover Institution, Stanford University , 1991.

Nucci, Charles. Personal interview. 10 September 2017

Nucci Maria. Personal interview. 10 September 2017

“Historical Gold Prices Annual high and low Gold prices since 1972.” Historical spot gold prices, onlygold.com/Info/Gold-Price-History-Since-1972.asp. Accessed 10 Sept. 2017.

E03 PTSD Claims

Section 16

Concussions need time to heal.
– This is a factual claim, backed up by facts that scientists have proven over and over again. After serious trauma to the brain it needs time to heal.
-Need is a claim in itself, meaning that it is imperative. Not suggested, it is a necessity.

Some of the Army’s best doctors implied that if soldiers were told they needed rest after concussions, it was going to usher in an epidemic of fakers, or retired guys claiming disability way after the fact.
– This is an opinion claim, stating that the guys in the army will want to fake concussions so they get rests.
-Best doctors is a claim in itself because they are not just ordinary doctors. They are doctors employed by the US government, and they are the some of the best at what they do.
-Usher is a term used to show something being brought in. When hearing the term usher, you think of maybe an usher at church, or an usher at a fancier event that shows you to your seat. The term usher has significant meaning because it gives us the mental image of soldiers being taken in with fake concussions, just to get leave from their duty.
– Epidemic was another word used. When we think of an epidemic, we do not just think of the definition of widespread, but we think of widespread disease, and that the diagnosis of concussions would plague the armed forces.
– to claim disability after the fact is another claim used by the author, talking about the soldiers would use this diagnosis to their advantage, and get more money out of the government

It would take a neuroscientist—or the top medical brass of an Army that builds laser cannons—to figure out that if 25 mph punches to the head cause brain damage, IED blasts that hit at 330 mph probably do too.
-This is a claim that is kind of sarcastic, but still factual at the same time.
– You can hear the sarcastic tone in the beginning, by talking about how top guys in their field, or neuroscientists can figure out a simple thing that all of us could figure out without the expensive schooling.

Eventually, Hovda’s cause prevailed.
-This is a claim explaining that all of the hard work Hovda did, did not go unnoticed, and he succeeded
-The author used the word prevailed as more of an accomplished tone.

Reforms came seven years into the Iraq War, after Caleb and a million other soldiers were already home.
– This claim shows that Caleb and the rest of the millions of soldiers didn’t reap the harvest of the groundwork that they laid.

When people ask Hovda if they’re gonna get better, he encourages them that they’re gonna get different.
– This claim by Hodva is his opinion on the subject, and how his experiences have affected his life.

The human brain has an enormous amount of plasticity. New cells are born every day. New connections can be made. The good news is, teleologically speaking, if we didn’t have the ability to recover from brain injury, we’d have ended up as somebody’s breakfast.
-This is a long, factual claim made by Hodva, talking about the human body, and his experience with the rehab that was necessary for him to function day to day, and get his life back on track.
-New connections can be made is a claim, talking about how PTSD isn’t exactly curable, but things can be fixed little by little.
-We’d have ended up as somebody’s breakfast is a strong, visual image that is a claim. Hodva puts the image of a braindead person being eaten by someone else for breakfast into our minds. This is done to show how lucky we are that our minds can repair themselves.

Purposeful Summaries

It seems counterintuitive that such a major source of natural power can be so dangerous. Global warming has been an issue in our world for quite some time now, and alternate ways of creating energy can be hurting the planet more than the burning of fossil fuels. Not only is it dangerous to our environment, but is it also dangerous to us as humans; producing toxic waste that cannot be properly discarded can cause some major health risks, especially when these plants are built in the radiation radius like plants outside of NYC. Not to mention nuclear power plants do not have the best history with incidents such as chernobyl, and the more recent Fukushima.

It seems counterintuitive that some doctors are dying to harvest organs to help others live. This is a bit of an oxymoron, but it has been happening around the world. The national organ shortage has made some doctors make hasty decisions in deciding whether a patient is deceased or not; this causes families to lose a loved one sooner than they may have expected, and sometimes when the patient small had a chance to survive. The families of the patients are contacted more and more by the organ donation groups pressuring them to let them harvest the organs, looking to maybe waste one life to save another.

http://articles.latimes.com/2007/apr/12/local/me-transplant12

It seems counterintuitive to prescribe somebody heroin to help their addiction, especially when the city is giving it to them for free! It is crazy to think that feeding the addiction is thought of as fighting the addiction, but at the safe zone in the city Vancouver they are helping people with heroin addictions, and creating safer situations for them to use in. The center was set up to try and give heroin users a kind of safe haven, where they will be monitored by nurses, and given clean needles to use with. This program has actually been spoken extremely highly of, explaining that by feeding their addiction, they are making heroin users in the city, one of the most dangerous and addictive drugs, the safest users in the city.

https://www.pri.org/stories/2015-02-04/vancouver-combats-heroin-giving-its-addicts-best-smack-world

Visual Rhetoric—theadmiral

0:00, 00:1- A younger asian man looks to be sitting on the couch possibly in his home. There is a blanket, rolled up next to him. This could have been done intentionally by the director to give it a more homey feeling, and not just a set. He is looking at his phone, and appears to be texting. There looks to be a black and white picture on the wall, again probably for decor of the house. I cannot make out the image, it looks to be some sort of mountain setting. There is a red barn or some sort of shed out back, if you look through the sliding glass door.

0:02- The man is now sitting in a library. He is still on his phone, He is in different clothes, now wearing a grayish, blue sweater. His hair is still in the same fashion, the kind of wave hairdo I used to wear in third grade. He looks to be sitting in the back of the library, with a copious amount of books behind to him. I cannot make out any titles on the books, probably done to not take away from the actor. There is one book to the right of his head that stands out tho, only because of its yellow color. The title of the video is “project yellow” so I think the yellow book can be a small sign used by the director.

0:03- The man has changed scenes again to a gym now. He looks to be doing some sit ups. His outfit changed again, to a plain white shirt, and a yellow headband. He is still texting, fully focused on his phone. The gym he is attending does not look very occupied. You can see one man in the mirror, looking to be doing some tricep pushdowns, and the Tv is on, so we know he is not alone in the gym. He is now wearing a silver watch on his left wrist. There is a hand sanitizer dispenser to the right of his head

0:04- The man changed scenes from the gym, now to some sort of outdoor patio of a restaurant. There is a person, removed to his right, our left, that looks to be sitting down, and eating. We can tell he is eating because he is bringing something to his mouth, and that is usually how I eat a burger, so I think it is safe to assume he is eating some sort of finger food. The man is still on his phone, texting, but he has changed his outfit, or shirt at least. There are people in the background, it looks like they too are eating.

0:05- The man has changed scenes again to it appears to be his birthday party. It is safe to assume it is his party because there are a bunch of people standing up around him, and his is sitting with a cupcake with a candle in it in front of him. He is texting, as he has been in every other scene. His shirt has changed again, to a white quarter zip sweater with blue stripes on it. He has a black watch on now.

0:06- Now we see the man in yet another location, on a carousel. He is still texting. There is nobody near him on the carousel. He is now wearing a cream colored sweater.

0:07- The man is still texting, but now he is on a date with a red headed girl. I do not know where they are, maybe her house because it looks like a home, from the plants behind his head, and there looks to be a kitchen behind him and to the right. They are sitting on a couch, and he is wearing the same white quarter zip sweater from a few scenes ago. She is dressed in all black, and kind of out of the light, bringing more focus to the man texting, and so much her and their date.

0:08- The camera is now placed in the back of an open refrigerator. We see the man texting, and closing the refrigerator door.

0:09- The next scene is the same man in the dark, bundled up in a blanket. He appears to be laying in his bed, with nothing but the light from his phone shining on his face.

0:10- The same man is texting, sitting in front of a ping pong table, with a blurred out white ball on the screen. The table is by a window, and it looks to be kind of cloudy outside. He is sitting on the arm of a couch, so this could be in somebody’s basement or somebody’s game room. He is now wearing a black shirt and a pair of grey pants.

0:10-0:11- We see the man in two different scenes in one second. The speed of the scene change is beginning to speed up. In the first scene, his is in a blue puff jacket with a hat and a blurred out label. He looks to be on an escalator at the mall. He is still texting. In the second scene, he is back in the white sweater, and at some sort of club, or house party with lights flashing. The man is texting in both scenes still.

0:11- In the later parts of the eleventh second, we see yet another scene change of the same man still texting. He is now sitting on a blue park bench, in a jacket. The trees in the background are bare, and he is wearing a jacket, so it is safe to assume that it is winter time.

0:12-14- The twelfth second also has three rapid scene changes. They are all with the man texting, but just in different locations, and in different clothes. The first scene, it looks to me that he is on the second story of a mall. He is wearing a grayish black shirt, and texting and walking. The next scene is him in bed with blankets over his head. His face is lit up by the light from his phone again, but it still looks to be day time from the light coming in from the window in the back of his room. He also is shown back in the gym, behind a man doing some sort of benching. He is still texting (which is not the proper thing to do if he is spotting somebody in a gym, like he is shown in the picture.) In the thirteenth second, they show him back in the mall on the second story. After a short amount of time, he is shown back at the restaurant outside eating, and then back at the gym, but no longer doing sit ups. He also is shown back on his date, back at the ping pong table, back at his birthday party, back at the library, and then back on the carousel.

0:15- They show another rapid burst of scenes starting with him closing the refrigerator, at the ping pong table again, on the escalator at the mall, back at the party with the lights, back at the park, then back in bed.

0:16- He is shown still texting back on the second story of the mall, and then behind the wheel of his car, in a scene we haven’t seen yet. He is texting, in a blue plaid shirt, with no seatbelt on.

0:17-0:19- It goes to the side shot of him in the car with the passenger side, front door open. We see the right side of his body, and he finally puts his phone down. It then goes to an unlocked phone screen, with the rest of the messages blocked out, but only focusing on one message saying “Ok. Driving now so I’ll ttyl.” It stays on the same picture, and then the words “not here” pop up in white letters at the top right of the picture.

0:20- It shows the man driving off, with both hands on the wheel. The words “not here” show up on the screen again, and then underneath of that, a text bubble that says “never here” shows up.

0:22- The last scene shows the car driving away, and at the bottom shows the words “don’t text and drive.”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bvGsLisGUM4

 

Stone Money—theadmiral

The Ambiguity of Money

 

The Ambiguity of Money

As you enter any mall, convenience store, or place of business in today’s age, you will see a swipe of a card to transfer finds, and not the handing over of paper money. If we take a look at the economic structures about one hundred years ago on the small island called Yap, depicted in the essay by Milton Freidman entitled “The Island of Stone Money” we see very similar habits. The only catch is, instead of swiping cards as use of currency, they use large pieces of limestone, shaped and brought over by “small bamboo boats” hundreds of miles away. These large pieces of limestone would change hands maybe two or three times in ones life, because they would not  use these for everyday things, like buying groceries, but for things such as a “dowry for their daughter’s weddings” and for buying a plot of land and having a house constructed on it. After the house was built, or the dowry was paid, the stone would not be moved, but the wealth would be exchanged from person to person. This could be compared to the swipe of said card, nothing physical exchanged, but the wealth was. After reviewing all of this material, one can conclude that the exchange of paper dollars is rather obsolete anymore, compared to the “old days” when “cash was king.”

To understand the transition of money, from something that went from having intrinsic value, to something that has none at all, let’s briefly dive into the history of how paper dollars got their worth. Way back when, when the United states had enough gold to back up the paper money, you could take a dollar to the bank, and get a dollars worth of gold. As the United States government kept printing money, the amount of gold you could get with that dollar declined, because there were more bills in circulation. This is what we know as inflation. On the island of Yap, they do not have this problem. As stated in Friedman’s essay, they do not have precious metals like gold and silver on their island, so they do not see value in material items like those metals, or a piece of paper. What they do see value in is the hard work to make the fei (the actual word for the stone money) and the long, dangerous journey involved with getting to the limestone quarries hundreds of miles away.

The transition from the dollar having worth, to people having to say and believe the dollar has worth is truly fascinating. Talking to my parents on the matter, they explained things from their point of view because they have had so much experience with money in their lives. They were in the jewelry business for quite some time, so they had a firsthand view on the relationship between gold and paper money. My father explained to me the gold market, and the relationship between the dollar bill and gold. He explained that back when gold was not regulated, you could get it for about two hundred dollars an ounce. Once it started to be traded like stocks, and was a regulated market, gold sky rocketed and the price doubled, bringing the price to about four hundred dollars an ounce in 1989 according to charts from onlygold.com. That is all well and good, but what really matters is when gold goes up, the price of the dollar goes down, making it from something that could have been valuable, to something that is a piece of paper.

After again speaking with my parents about this assignment, my dad posed such an important question. He asked “what exactly gives this big rock so much worth.” I looked in articles, and I thought about it long and hard. I came to the realization that realistically, the fei and the dollar bill in today’s society are exactly the same. If you get a one-dollar bill, and a one-hundred-dollar bill, and put them side to side, there is not much of a difference, except maybe a watermark, and the picture on the bill. Today, we don’t have nearly enough gold in depositories like Fort Knox to back up the actual worth of our bills, so they are basically pieces of paper, just like the fei is just a large piece of limesone. They both rely on word of mouth, and the thought that “this piece of paper is valuable”, where it really isn’t valuable at all.

In conclusion, the fei, and the dollar bill have a lot in common. Both, surprising invaluable in today’s society, but made valuable by word of mouth.

Friedman, Milton. “The Island of Stone Money.” Diss. Hoover Institution, Stanford University , 1991.

Nucci, Charles. Personal interview. 10 September 2017

Nucci Maria. Personal interview. 10 September 2017

“Historical Gold Prices Annual high and low Gold prices since 1972.” Historical spot gold prices, onlygold.com/Info/Gold-Price-History-Since-1972.asp. Accessed 10 Sept. 2017.